November 2010

Sunday, November 28, 2010

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Place des Vosges

Place des Vosges is one jewels of the Marais. Built of brick and stone as the Place Dauphine on the Ile de la Cité, it has the great advantage over the latter have been preserved in its integrity.

Place des Vosges

In 1604, Henri IV sponsoring the installation of a manufacture of silk, gold and money "in the style of the Milanese" in the old park Tournelles. It provides grants, titles of nobility and wealthy merchants to six benefits to Italian artisans invited for the occasion. Land north of the factory and are built twelve houses for housing artisans. A year later, King complete the project by deciding to establish before the royal manufactures a vast square, the Place des Vosges today and he hopes it can serve as a promenade for the inhabitants of the city. Nine identical houses covered with slate are then aligned on all three sides, length of 140 meters. At the center of the south side, the flag of the King, by its size and decoration, marks the main entrance of this place. It occupies a symbolic number of the place and is specially built for the sovereign, as evidenced by the central medallion which appears above his head and the size of the building, which greatly exceeds that of other flags. The king wants to assert its authority after the long years of religious wars and the Place Royale exemplifies this commitment to affirmation of monarchical power.

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Les pavillons à two floors, equipped with a shop on the ground floor open onto a covered shopping mall. At the time, the arcade on the ground floor around the place offers the walker a convenient shelter and a wide choice of shops. The central area, flat and sandy, is affected Equestrian Games which take place there since the fourteenth century. On the location of the factory was destroyed in 1607, eight new buildings are built and the roof of the Queen.

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Henri IV has no time have the project fully completed since May 14, 1610, while her coach is slowed by traffic in the Ironworks he is assailed by a devout Catholic named Ravaillac which carries two knives. The eighteenth attempt to assassinate the king has finally succeeded. The square was inaugurated in 1612 at the double wedding of Louis XIII with Anne of Austria and Elisabeth of France, sister of the king, with the Infante Philip, later Philip IV of Spain. During three days of celebrations are held on the place with military parades, races, rings, music, songs, shows, fireworks and carousel.

Place Royale is radically transformed by the erection of the equestrian statue of Louis XIII in 1639 and the creation of a private garden surrounded by a gate forged in 1685. Dedicated to the original craftsmanship of luxury, walk to games and noble, this place becomes an aristocratic residential city, the chic place par excellence.

The place bore the name space Royal until the Revolution (1789). After the fall of the monarchy, it was renamed Federated place then instead of the indivisibility. In 1800, Lucien Bonaparte, Minister of the Interior, decided to give the place the name of the department who will have first settled the bulk of taxes. This is one of the Vosges which was well rewarded.

After the Revolution, famous writers and artists choose to live in hotels deserted by the nobility. Victor Hugo spent sixteen years of his life in an apartment on the second floor of the Hotel de Rohan-Guemenee (6, place des Vosges). The site has become since 1902 a museum dedicated to Victor Hugo.

http://www.insecula.com/musee/M0138.html

For more information:

http://www.paris-pittoresque.com/rues/101.htm

http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Place_des_Vosges

http://www.insecula.com/salle/MS01147.html

Educational Video (19 minutes after a short advertisement)

http://www.netprof.fr/Voir-le-cours-en-video-flash/Histoire-de-Paris/Le-Marais/1-Le-Marais-La-Place-des-Vosges, 21,81,551 , 1.aspx

Sunday, November 14, 2010

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A "ship" in the heart of Paris? A gigantic "refinery" in the heart of the Marais? No doubt, this is the Centre Georges Pompidou

In early 1977, local residents and passers-by gaze stunned the Centre Georges Pompidou. The reactions are very strong and since the Eiffel Tower, no monument had generated so much controversy. It must be said that the building is at least disconcerting: a gigantic block of ornate fireplaces and metal tube painted in bright colors, a maze of plastic and glass that could be mistaken for scaffolding. Despite critics, enraged to see the old historic center of the city what they called a "gas plant" or a "warehouse of art", the public press in the first exhibition of the Centre, devoted to Marcel Duchamp. Since then, the Centre's success has never wavered since welcomes an average 25,000 visitors per day (5 times more than had been expected), allowing a true démocratisation de l’art et de la culture.

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In 1969, Georges Pompidou, passionate contemporary art, had the idea to create a huge cultural space in the heart of Paris, Beaubourg. "I would passionately that Paris has a cultural center that is both a museum and a center of creation." With these words uttered in 1969, the President of the Republic sets the stage for a major international competition to build the Centre. Over 650 projects will be reviewed. The project by Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers will win this competition in 1971. It comes in the form of a gigantic parallelepiped 166 meters long, 60 meters wide and 42 meters high. Very innovative in its design, the Centre finally opens its doors December 31, 1977.

Two main lines are the essence of the project.

one hand, the two architects chose not to use all the land available to create a square whose animation complement the activities proposed by the Centre. Instead, gently sloping, is the element that gives meaning to the building by anchoring it into the urban fabric. Indeed, it is because this place is frequented by strollers and invested by musicians, jugglers or mimes me that the building belongs to the city.

other hand, the architects have strongly preferred the interior space. Each level of the building includes a plate of 7500 square meters. Stairs, elevators, escalators and all the vents and power were pushed out in front. The color beams and ducts is their function: blue for air conditioning, green for fluids, red and yellow for transport and electricity. Facing the square, a large escalator runs diagonally in a glass tube surrounded by arches. In rejecting all service facilities and traffic to the outside, Rogers and Piano received within a space completely continuous we can use as desired. The Centre includes five rectangular plates of 175 meters long and 50 meters wide, equivalent to two football fields, piled one upon the other, including two at the National Museum of Modern Art.

Centre Pompidou - Beaubourg

The Centre is one of the most visited sites in Paris ... by the Parisians. This unique place in the multidisciplinary approach brings together a huge library (BPI nearly 400,000 documents of any type), the National Museum of Modern Art (60,000 works), the Institute of Musical Research (IRCAM) in cinemas and entertainment, restaurant, bookstores. The Center organizes exhibitions continuous time, performances, symposia, seminars and many activities for children.

For more information: Centre Pompidou